What should a nurse monitor for when caring for a patient on a PCA pump?

Monitoring for signs of over-sedation or inadequate pain control is critical when caring for a patient on a Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) pump. The primary purpose of a PCA is to allow the patient to manage their pain effectively by self-administering analgesics, typically opioids, within prescribed limits.

Over-sedation can be a serious concern as it may lead to respiratory depression, which can be life-threatening. Consequently, it is important for nurses to assess the patient's level of sedation, consciousness, and respiratory status regularly. This ensures that the patient is receiving adequate pain relief without experiencing harmful side effects from the medication.

Inadequate pain control must also be monitored, as the effectiveness of the PCA relies on the patient’s ability to self-administer medication according to their needs. Ensuring the patient is comfortable and has sufficient pain relief is paramount for their recovery and overall well-being.

The other options, while relevant in different contexts, are not the primary focus of monitoring when a patient is on a PCA pump. Dehydration management, temperature, and heart rate are important aspects of general patient care but do not directly pertain to the specific risks and management strategies associated with PCA use.